Engineering field
Fluid mechanics and hydraulic calculators
Flow, hydraulics, piping, pressure and wall pre-sizing.
17 available calculators
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Fluid mechanics
Flow, hydraulics, piping, pressure and wall pre-sizing.
Flow rate and pipe flow
Relate area, flow and velocity, then evaluate Reynolds number and major pressure losses.
Hydraulics
Calculate essential relations between pressure, force, area, flow, speed, volume and power.
- Complete hydraulic cylinder sizingBore, indicative rod size, forces and required flow.
- Pressure, force and areaCalculate the missing quantity using F = P·A.
- Hydraulic cylinder forceExtension, retraction and piston areas.
- Hydraulic cylinder speedExtension and retraction speeds from flow rate.
- Hydraulic cylinder stroke timeOil volumes and theoretical travel times.
- Hydraulic powerPower from pressure, flow rate and efficiency.
Piping and pressure
Pre-size a wall and estimate membrane stresses in a pressurized pipe.
Hydrostatics
Upward buoyancy from displaced fluid.
- Hydrostatic pressureCalculate the pressure increase below a fluid surface, or infer depth from that pressure increase. Δp = ρgh is relative to the surface pressure; it is not absolute pressure.
- Buoyant forceCalculate upward buoyancy F_b = ρgV from fluid density, actual displaced volume and gravity. Displaced volume may differ from the total volume of the object.
Fluid dynamics
Continuity, ideal pressure balance and flow speed.
- Fluid continuity equationCompare two sections of the same incompressible stream with A₁v₁ = A₂v₂. Solve one area or speed from the other three values and obtain the common volume flow.
- Bernoulli equationCalculate pressure at either of two points from pressure, speed and elevation at the other point. The balance includes static pressure, kinetic energy per volume and gravitational energy per volume.
- Drag forceEstimate drag magnitude from fluid density, relative speed, reference area and a drag coefficient you supply. The secondary output is the mechanical power needed to overcome that drag at the same speed.
- Mach numberDivide relative speed by the local speed of sound, or recover speed from Mach number. Supply the sound speed for the actual fluid and thermodynamic state.